ABSTRACT
Introduction: Covid19 has led in major changes in our lives, while fear was one of the major psychological symptoms that emerged in psychological first aid evaluations. Objective(s): The aim of the present study was to report the major factors creating anxiety and fear, affecting everyday life of people in Greece during the two years of the pandemic. Method(s): A sample of 1,158 Greeks (280 males [24.2%] participated voluntarily in the study through online platforms. The Fear factors was assessed through an open question which was then analyzed with SPSS 24. Result(s): According to the findings, the main source of anxiety and fear arises from the situation that prevails in other European countries with increasing death rates (20.9%) presented in television, followed by what is shown in the news and news programs on television (14, 8%), the fear that the individual may get sick, watching television and radio (9.7%), the experts announcements in public (7.8%), the announcement of new measures by the government and the Ministry of Health in media (6.1%), the existence of elderly parents in the family (4.6%) and social networks (3.8%), while 12.6% stated that they have no fear or anxiety. Gender differences were significant in most of the factors x2=51.167 p=.001. Conclusion(s): According to the findings the effect that media have in anxiety and fear creation (64.1%), a result that can be used in designing effective health measures that can help people deal with the psychological aftermath of the pandemic.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: All pandemic outbreaks because of their rapid spread and high mortality rate cause to everyone considerable stress and anxiety. Objective(s): The aim of the present study is to investigate how news media exposure moderates the relationship between stress, anxiety, depression and self-efficacy, social support, knowledge of the coronavirus and coronavirus perception. Method(s): 223 healthcare providers, men 46 (20.6%) and women 177 (79.4%), working in hospitals in Greece participated in the study. independent t-test, one-way ANOVAs, Pearson's correlation, multiple-linear regression and moderator's analysis were analyzed with SPSS23. Result(s): Organization support, friends support, covid-19 knowledge and covid-19 perception are most significant predictors to stress, F (4,218) = 11.47, p < .001 and Adjusted R2- .159. Friends support, covid-19 knowledge and self-efficacy, working with covid19 patients and gender are most significant predictors to anxiety, F (5,217) = 11.16, p < .001 Adjusted R2- .186. Friends support, covid-19 knowledge and self-efficacy and organization support are most significant predictors to depression, F (4,218) = 16.37, p < .001 Adjusted R2-squared: .217. News media exposure did moderate the predictive power of almost all predictors for stress, anxiety and depression, at p<.05. Conclusion(s): Therefore, the study verifies previous findings arguing that stress, anxiety and depression are strongly associated with numerous factors. These associations seem to be moderated by news media exposure. It is recommended to further explore the impact news media exposure has during crucial periods, such as covid-19 outbreak.
ABSTRACT
IntroductionStress is one of the biggest problems leading a large portion of people to seek medical or psychotherapeutic management, while a large portion of hospital staff report high levels of work-related stress.ObjectivesThe purpose of this intervention was to implement a psychoeducation seminar on stress management by implementing diaphragmatic breathing exercises and to detect the reduction of its levels in nursing staff.MethodsThe study took place at the General Hospital of Nikaia. Fifty employees, 38 women, aged 20-60 (M=37.4±10.5) participated in a two-hour group psychoeducation workshop, concerning psychoeducation on stress and application in diaphragmatic breathing exercises. The measurement of the success of the intervention was performed using a proportional stress assessment scale before and after the intervention. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS26.ResultsStress levels before the intervention ranged from 0 to 10 (M=5.7±5.7) while after the intervention ranged from 0 to 7 (M=2.3±2.04). Age did not appear to play a role in stress reduction, but was found to be positively and significantly associated with pre-existing stress in employees (r=0.423 p=0.002). On the contrary, gender was found to be related both to the pre-existence of stress, with women reporting the highest levels (t=-3.534 p=0.001), and to the reduction of stress after the intervention (t=-2,534 p=0.001).ConclusionsThe above findings indicate the importance of implementing group psychoeducation programs to reduce stress at the organizational level, a very important result considering the cumulative effect that the recent existence of covid-19 has had on nursing staff.DisclosureNo significant relationships.